Brilliant Blue G (6104-58-1)

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The suffix “G” in the name is an abbreviation for “green” as the blue colour of the dye has a slight greenish tint. Brilliant Blue G is used to determine the urine protein concentration. After SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) It has been used to detect protein bands and used as a purinergic receptor antagonist (P2X7R). The receptor is primarily engaged in inflammatory reactions in the brain.

During ophthalmic procedures, BG is used in an ophthalmic solution to stain the internal limiting membrane (ILM) of the eye. The internal limiting membrane (ILM) is a thin, transparent barrier that separates the retina from the eye’s vitreous body.  Since this membrane is thin and transparent, it might be difficult to detect during eye surgeries requiring high degrees of visual precision. The BG gives a strong blue colour, which facilitates the identification of the ILM. On December 20, 2019, the FDA approved it for ophthalmic use. BG stains the eye’s internal limiting membrane (ILM) without colouring the epiretinal membrane or the retina, making surgical removal simpler. The internal limiting membrane (ILM) is a thin, transparent barrier that separates the retina from the eye’s vitreous body.