What is Nicorandil?
Nicorandil is a niacinamide derivative. It is a nitrate and ATP-sensitive K+ channel agonist that acts as a vasodilator and antianginal medication. It is available in India, the United Kingdom, Japan, most of Europe, the Philippines, Taiwan, Australia and South Korea. It was patented in 1976 and approved for medical use in 1983. It hasn’t been authorised as a drug by the FDA yet. It’s usually used for those with angina who are still experiencing symptoms despite getting effective anti-anginal therapy and is generally administered through the oral route.
Nicorandil is marketed under the brand names Ikorel (in the United Kingdom, Australia and most of Europe), Angedil (in Romania, Poland), Dancor (in Switzerland), Nikoran, PCA (in India), Aprior (in the Philippines), Nitorubin (in Japan), and Sigmart (in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and China). Nicorandil is not available in the United States.
The product is currently under development. Samples are available from R&D.
| PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS | |
|---|---|
| Name of Product | Nicorandil |
| IUPAC Name | 2-(pyridine-3-carbonylamino)ethyl nitrate |
| Pharmacopoeial Name | Nicorandil |
| Synonyms | 2-Nicotinamidoethyl nitrate, Nicorandilum, Ikorel, Dancor, Sigmart, Adancor, 2-(nicotinamido)ethyl nitrate, Nicorandilo |
| CAS No | 65141-46-0 |
| Molecular Formula | C8H9N3O4 |
| Molecular Weight | 211.17 g/mol |
| Pubchem CID | 47528 |
| Pubchem SID | 462770288 |
| WHO-GMP | Available soon |
| WC | Available soon |
| DMF | Available soon |
Chemical Properties
| SR. No | Criteria | Limit/Specification |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Appearance (Color) | White to Beige |
| 2 | Appearance (Form) | Powder |
| 3 | Solubility (Turbidity) | Clear |
| 4 | Storage Temperature | Room Temperature |
| 5 | Concentration DMSO |
≥ 10.0 mg/ml |
| 6 | Purity (HPLC) | ≥ 97.5 % |
| 7 | Identity | Confirmed |
| 8 | Water Content | ≤ 2.0 mol |
| 9 | Elemental Composition | Pass |
Uses
Nicorandil is primarily used to treat and prevent Angina pectoris. Angina is chest pain that results from episodes of transient myocardial ischemia which can be caused by diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease and aortic stenosis. Vasospasm of the coronary arteries is a common cause of angina. It is also used to reduce the risk of acute coronary syndromes.
Mechanism of Action
Nicorandil’s mechanism of action includes enhancing coronary blood flow by causing prolonged dilatation of both artery resistance and conductive channels. It has been demonstrated to relax the venous circulatory system, which increases pooling in capacitance vessels with a decrease in preload. Reduced end-diastolic pressure and a lower extravascular component of vascular resistance enhance blood flow and minimise infarct size overall.
Side effects
The side effects associated with Nicorandil are as follows:
- Flushing (sense of warmth in the face, ears, neck and trunk)
- Weakness
- Vomiting
- Palpitations
- Perianal, ileal, and peristomal ulceration
- Severe migraine
- Toothache
- Nasal Congestion
FAQs
Q. Is Nicorandil a beta blocker?
Nicorandil is a potassium channel activator having arterial vasodilator properties. Furthermore, due to the presence of a nitrate group in its chemical composition, nicorandil also exhibits venodilating characteristics.
Q. What does Nicorandil do?
Nicorandil, being a vasodilator drug, works by widening the blood vessels. This increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart, thus helping in reducing angina attacks. It can also reduce the risk of further heart conditions.
Q. Is Nicorandil a blood thinner?
Nicorandil is not a blood thinner but is a vasodilatory drug used to treat angina.
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